Alcohols and ethers

Introducing reactions of alcohols and ethers.

Acid-catalyzed pinacol rearrangement:

Steps：

1. A hydroxyl group is protonated, which leaves in the form water molecule to produce a carbocation;
2. The neighboring methyl group migrates to form a new carbocation, and the other hydroxyl group turns into a protonated carbonyl simultaneously;
3. Proton dissociates from carbonyl, forming the rearranged product.